"...eine Erhöhung des Einkommensanteils der Armen ... das Wachstum steigert, während ein wachsender Einkommensanteil der obersten 20 Prozent zu geringerem Wachstum führt ... das heißt, wenn die Reichen reicher werden, sickern die Vorteile nicht nach unten durch......Dies deutet darauf hin, dass politische Maßnahmen ..., sich jedoch darauf konzentrieren sollten, den Einkommensanteil der Armen zu erhöhen und ein „Aushöhlen“ der Mittelschicht zu verhindern."
Summary
This
paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global
perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of
inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being
the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization,
weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in
developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the
poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising
income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when
the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that
policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the
income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the
middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in
emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies
should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems
more progressive.
